The haemagglutination assay is a method used to measure virus particle. This assay takes advantage of the fact that many viruses contain the two spike proteins: Neuraminidase and Haemagglutinin that blinds specifically to the red blood cells. Examples of viral protein with ability to bind to red blood cells are influenza virus and other virus.
Haemagglutination inhibition is whereby one measures the ability of soluble antigen to inhibit the aggulutination of antigen coated red blood cells by antibodies. The neutralisation of virus inhibits agglutination. Virus neutralisation is a method where antibodies are added to a virus preparation and the infectivity of this preparation is then measured using indicator cells. A subset of antibodies produced against any given virus will have the ability to neutralize the infectivity of the virus. These antibodies have the ability to neutralize the infectivity of virus; it prevents or lowers the virus infectivity.
Complement fixation is a test that is used to detect the presence of either specific antibody or specific antigen in a patient’s serum. If the antibody is present in the patient’s serum, it binds to the antigen and complement reagent is completely consumed in the reaction. The antibody bound to cellà complement bindingàcomplement cascadeà cell lysis. The complement of cascade of molecules in blood serum initiated causing lysis of infected cell or pathogen.
Detection, identification and diagnosis of virus
The haemagglutination assay is a method used to measure virus particle. This assay takes advantage of the fact that many viruses contain the two spike proteins: Neuraminidase and Haemagglutinin that blinds specifically to the red blood cells. Examples of viral protein with ability to bind to red blood cells are influenza virus and other virus.